基于结构方程模型的口译先备知识运作障碍研究

Investigating prior-knowledge operation deficiency in the interpreting process:A structural equation modeling approach

口译过程中,先备知识运作障碍是指译员不能顺利启用与口译任务相关的各类先备知识,以致口译认知加工受阻。本文运用结构方程模型Amos分析技术,通过对我国华东地区四所高校312名口译学员的口译测试和问卷调查,考察先备知识运作障碍对口译过程的影响以及对口译忠实度的作用机制。结果表明,口译认知加工受先备知识运作障碍的影响,表现为语义激活障碍、记忆检索障碍和原型选择障碍三方面。其中,先备知识运作障碍对记忆检索障碍的影响最大,原型选择障碍次之,语义激活障碍受其影响最小。同时,先备知识运作障碍对口译忠实度具有直接中高度负向作用力,语义激活障碍、记忆检索障碍和原型选择障碍对口译忠实度具有间接负向作用。

We carried out interpreting tests and questionnaires among 312 student interpreters from 4 universities and analyzed their performance by structural equation modeling on Amos platform.Our aim is to explore how Prior-knowledge operation deficiency affects interpreting processing and its effect on fidelity.The results indicate that 1)the way that Prior-knowledge Operation Deficiency(PKDF)affects interpreting processing falls into three categories,namely,semantic activating deficiency(SEM),memory retrieval deficiency(MEM)and prototype selection deficiency(PRO);2)PKDF has the most significant influence on MEM,with a medium influence on PRO and the least influence on SEM;3)PKDF has a direct negative impact while SEM,MEM and PRO all have indirect negative impacts on fidelity in interpreting.