2015-2019年河北省廊坊市流感病毒监测分析

Analysis of influenza virus surveillance in Langfang, Hebei province from 2015 to 2019

目的对2015—2019年河北省廊坊市流感病毒的监测数据进行分析,了解其流行趋势及特征,为今后的流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法对2015—2019年廊坊市流感网络实验室获得的流感样病例标本进行流感病毒核酸检测,判别阳性病例及其亚型。使用Excel 2016进行数据整理和分析。组间差异用x2检验判别其统计学显著性。结果2015—2019年廊坊市共采集流感样病例咽拭子10147份,检测流感病毒阳性1826份,阳性率为17.99%。4个监测年流感病毒核酸阳性率分别为17.16%、16.75%、20.42%和15.60%,2017—2018监测年的流感病毒核酸检测阳性率显著高于其余3个监测年(x^2=25.32,P<0.01)。4个监测年的优势病毒分别为甲型H1N1和B型、甲型H3N2亚型、甲型H3N2亚型、甲型H1N1流感病毒。廊坊市流感流行呈明显的冬季流行高峰。性别分布方面,男性流感病毒阳性率低于女性,差异有统计学意义(x2=19.51,P<0.01)。0~4岁年龄组、5~14岁年龄组、15~24岁年龄组、25~59岁年龄组和60岁以上年龄组流感病毒阳性率分别为9.31%、16.67%、18.48%、21.06%和21.56%,其中60岁以上年龄组阳性率最高,差异有统计学意义(x^2=136.90,P<0.01)。结论2015—2019年流行高峰出现在当年的1—3月,60岁以上年龄组为易感人群。流感病毒监测工作对其防控具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the data of influenza virus surveillance data in Langfang city from 2015 to 2019 and to investigate the epidemiological trend and characteristics,so as to provide scientific evidences for future prevention and control against influenza.Methods Samples of influenza-like symptoms cases during 2015 to 2019 in Langfang city were collected by influenza surveillance laboratory netwok.Nucleic acid-based analysis were performed with these samples to identify influenza virus positive cases and to obtain virus subtypes.Data were organized and analyzed by Excel 2016.Statistically significant differences between groups were determined by chi-square test.Results From 2015 to 2019,10147 samples were collected and 1826 were positive for influenza virus with a positive rate of 17.99%.During the four years of surveillance,the positive rates of influenza virus infection were 17.16%,16.75%,20.42%and 15.60%,respectively.Infection rate during 2017-2018 surveillance year was statistically significantly higher than those of the other three years(x2=25.32,p<0.01).The dominant influenza virus in the four years were influenza A(H1N1)virus and influenza B virus,influenza A(H3N2)virus,influenza A(H3N2)virus and influenza A(H1N1)virus,respectively.In Langfang city,the peak of influenza virus was obvious in winter.The positive rate of influenza virus infection in male patients was lower than that of females and the difference was statistically significant(x^2=19.51,p<0.01).The positive rates in age groups of 0-4,5-14,15-24,25-59 and over 60 years old were 9.31%,16.67%,18.48%,21.06%and 21.56%,respectively.The highest positive rate was observed in the age group of over 60 years old,and the difference was statistically significant(x^2=136.90,p<0.01).Conclusions From 2015 to 2019,the peak of influenza virus infection in Langfang city occurred from January to March of each year.Individuals aged over 60 years old were vulnerable group..Influenza virus surveillance is essential for influenza prevention and control.