石家庄市老年人遗忘型轻度认知功能障碍患病率及危险因素抽样研究

A sample research on prevalence and risk factors of amnestic mild cognitive impairment in elderly in Shijiazhuang

目的探讨部分石家庄市老年人的遗忘型轻度认知功能障碍(aMCI)的患病率及危险因素。方法采取方便抽样的方法,对石家庄市3所社区卫生服务中心和1家老年养护院的1614例60岁以上老人进行调查。采用简易智能精神状态量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、听觉词语学习测验量表(AVLT)、数字广度测验量表(DST)、波士顿命名测验量表(BNT)、连线测验量表(TMT)、画钟试验、动物流畅性试验以及日常生活能力量表(ADL)对受试者的整体认知功能,记忆、语言、注意、视觉空间、执行功能等认知领域以及日常活动能力进行评估。计算aMCI的患病率,采用Logistic回归分析aMCI患病的相关危险因素。结果抽样部分石家庄市老年人aMCI患病率是16.11%,而且不同年龄、性别、职业、教育程度以及婚姻状况的老年人其aMCI患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。年龄、性别、婚姻状况和教育程度是aMCI的影响因素。结论高龄、女性、无配偶者以及文化程度低的老年人是aMCI患病的高危人群,应该重点对以上人群做好早期干预。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)among the elderly in Shijiazhuang.Methods A convenient sampling method was used to investigate 1614 cases of people over 60 years in 3 community health service centers and 1 nursing home for the elderly in Shijiazhuang.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE),montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA),auditory verbal learning test(AVLT),digital span-test(DST),boston naming test(BNT),trail making test(TMT),Clock Drawing Test,Animal Fluency Test and ADL were used to assess the examinees'overall cognitive functions,the cognitive domain such as memory,language,attention,visual space,executive function and daily activity ability.The prevalence of aMCI was calculated,and Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the related risk factors for aMCI.Results The prevalence of aMCI among the sampled elderly in Shijiazhuang was 16.11%,and there were significant differences in the prevalence of aMCI among the elderly of different age,gender,occupations,educational levels and marital status(P<0.01).Age,gender,marital status and education level were the factors influencing the aMCI(P<0.05).Conclusion Old age,female,non-spouse and the elderly with low education level are the high-risk groups of aMCI,so early intervention should be focused on the above groups.