摘要
目的:分析老年高血压患者体位性血压改变与护理风险防范。方法:选取首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院2018年12月至2019年12月接收的256例老年高血压患者。测定患者卧位、立位状态下的血压、心率,并根据测定结果,分成体位性血压正常组(n=155例)、体位性低血压组(n=68例)、体位性高血压组(n=33例)。对比3组不同年龄段的血压情况以及心脑血管疾病发病率,以便于进行针对性的护理风险防范。结果:年龄≥80岁的患者并发冠心病、脑卒中、血脂以及血糖异常的比例较60~79岁的患者更高(P<0.05)。120例(46.88%)患者并发冠心病,其中43例(60.56%)≥80岁;156例(60.94%)并发血脂异常,其中51例(71.83%)≥80岁;体位性高血压组、体位性低血压组并发心脑血管疾病的比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);体位性血压正常组并发心脑血管疾病发病率显著性低于体位性高血压组、体位性低血压组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:老年高血压患者具有一定的体位性高血压、体位性低血压发病率,多数患者伴有心脑血管疾病、糖尿病,临床应当从生活照顾、用药干预、健康教育等方式加强护理风险防范,确保患者安全。
Objective:To analyze the clinical research and nursing risk prevention of postural hypotension and postural hypertension in elderly patients with hypertension.Methods:A total of 256 elderly patients with hypertension in Beijing Shijitan Hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 were selected.The blood pressure and heart rate of patients in lying and standing position were measured.According to the results,the patients were divided into a normal group(n=155),a hypotension group(n=68)and a hypertension group(n=33).Meanwhile,the blood pressure and the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in different age groups were compared.Results:The incidence of coronary heart disease,stroke,dyslipidemia and blood glucose in patients≥80 years old was higher than that in patients aged 60–79 years old(P<0.05).One hundred and twenty cases(46.88%)were complicated with coronary heart disease,of which 43 cases(60.56%)were≥80 years old;156 cases(60.94%)were complicated with dyslipidemia,of which 51 cases(71.83%)were≥80 years old;there was no significant difference in the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases between the hypertension group and the hypotension group(P>0.05).The incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the normal postural blood pressure group was significantly lower than that of the postural hypertension group and the postural hypotension group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Among the elderly patients with hypertension,there is a certain incidence of postural hypertension and postural hypotension.Most of them are accompanied with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.Therefore,the clinical nursing risk program should be strengthened to ensure the nursing safety of the patients.
作者
祁金英
张玥
陈亚静
陈丹
QI Jinying;ZHANG Yue;CHEN Yajing;CHEN Dan(Cadre General Department,Beijing Shijitan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《临床与病理杂志》
2020年第5期1269-1273,共5页
Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research
关键词
老年高血压
体位性低血压
体位性高血压
护理风险防范
elderly hypertension
postural hypotension
postural hypertension
nursing risk prevention