广西三江侗族传统植物的民族植物学调查

Ethnobotany Inverstigation of Traditional Plant Resources of Dong Nationality in Sanjiang County,Guangxi

广西三江侗族运用植物的历史由来已久,蕴含着丰富的侗族传统民族植物学知识。借助民族植物学调查方法,对广西三江侗族村寨传统植物知识的利用情况进行收集与整理。广西三江侗族传统利用植物资源共记录植物181种,隶属于158属,79个科,其中食用类植物共68种,隶属于60属,38个科;传统药用类植物共98种,隶属于92属,51个科;传统历法和民间信仰类植物共30种,隶属于29属,25个科;日常生产生活类植物共43种,隶属于43属,29个科。探讨了广西三江侗族传统植物在侗族历史文化发展过程中的作用,从侗族传统植物知识中筛选出可持续发展中有开发潜力和实用性特征的植物。为保护村寨及周边地区的生物多样性、植物传统文化多样性提供数据支持,为合理开发当地的传统植物资源及促进当地生态旅游寻求适宜的方法和策略,对规划和建设“美丽广西”具有重要的指导意义。

The traditional plant utilization of Dong Nationality has a long history and its ethnobotany knowledge and culture has a long history.The traditional plant knowledge of Dong Nationality village in Sanjiang County of Guangxi was collected and sorted out by means of ethnobotany survey.A total of 181 species,belonging to 158 genera and 79 families,which 68 species were edible plants,belonging to 60 genera and 38 families,were recorded in the survey.There were 98 species of traditional medicinal plants,belonging to 92 genera and 51 families.There were 30 species of traditional calendar and Fengshui woods,belonging to 29 genera and 25 families.There were 43 species of plants belonging to 43 genera and 29 families.According to the survey,with the deep researches of the utilization of medicinal plants,the Dong Nationality found that one kind of plant often had a variety of utilization ways.Therefore,thispaper aims to analyze the significance of the traditional plants of Dong Nationality in Sanjiang County in protecting the biodiversity of the village and its surrounding areas.It also provides effective suggestions for the rational development of local traditional plant resources,the search for appropriate methods and strategies to promote local ecotourism,and the planning and construction of“Beautiful Guangxi”.