基于磁共振成像的阿尔茨海默病生物标志物研究进展

Advances of biomarkers study in Alzheimer’s disease with MRI

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是以认知障碍和记忆缺失为主要临床特征的神经系统退行性疾病,其病理机制不明,难以在疾病早期进行干预和治疗。磁共振神经影像呈现的生物标志物作为可客观测量的参数,为AD的早期监测和诊断提供了重要依据。本文综述AD由磁共振成像(MRI)揭示出的生物标志物的最新研究进展。研究文献表明,结构MRI可以提供AD与记忆缺失相关的几种生物标志物。不论是任务态功能MRI或是静息态功能MRI,单独都不能提供AD的生物标志物。未来综合运用β-淀粉样蛋白、正电子发射型计算机断层显像、结构MRI和功能MRI等多种手段进行多模式生物标志物研究将是一个重要的研究方向。

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and memory decline.Its etiology is obscure and its pathological mechanism is unknown,so it is difficult to intervene and treat the disease in the early stage.As an objectively measurable parameter,neuroimaging biomarkers provide an important basis for early monitoring and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.This paper reviews the latest discoveries of biomarkers with Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)of Alzheimer's disease.Research literature shows that MRI could offer a number of promising biomarkers for AD.Neither task-based functional MRI(fMRI)nor resting state fMRI could provide a robust biomarker for AD independently.One of the future research theme important in this field is multimodal biomarkers to combine craniospinal fluid(CSF)amyloid b(Aβ),positron emission tomography(PET),structural MRI and functional MRI in defining AD.