施硒方式及浓度对粳稻品种籽粒硒积累和形态的影响

Effects of different Selenium Fertilizers on Selenium Concentration and Form in Various Rice Grains

为确定有效的硒肥施用方式和遴选富硒能力强的优质水稻品种,研究了叶面喷施和根施两种施硒方式对不同水稻品种籽粒硒积累和硒形态的影响。结果表明,两种施硒方式均可显著提高稻米中的硒含量,施肥方式与品种间、施肥浓度与品种间存在互作;低、中、高三种浓度处理后大部分品种稻米中的硒含量均达到富硒稻谷的国标规定含量;不同品种对硒的富集能力不同,扬粳805和南粳5055在不同施硒方式下均显示出较强的富硒能力,高浓度处理后糙米硒含量分别达到316.45μg/kg和286.82μg/kg;精米和糙米间的硒含量无显著差异,表明硒主要富集在精米中;硒形态研究发现,精米中未检测到无机硒,有机硒含量主要是以硒代蛋氨酸形态存在,有少量硒代半胱氨酸和硒甲基硒代半胱氨酸。结果可为开发优质高效的富硒大米提供参考,同时为进一步研究不同水稻品种富硒差异机制提供基础。

In order to determine the effective application of selenium fertilizer, as well as to select the high-quality rice varieties withstrong selenium-enriching ability, two different fertilization methods were employed to measure selenium concentrations and forms in different cultivars. The results showed that application selenium fertilizer could significantly increase the selenium content in rice,there were interactions between fertilization methods and varieties, fertilization concentration and varieties;the selenium content in most cultivars after selenium treatment reached the national standard for selenium-rich rice. Different varieties had different selenium enrichment capabilities, Yanggeng 805 and Nangeng 5055 showed strong selenium-rich ability, and in the condition of high concentration treatment, the selenium content of brown rice reached 316.45 μg/kg and 286.82 μg/kg, respectively. There was no significant difference in selenium content between polished rice and brown rice, which indicated that the selenium mainly accumulated in polished rice. The selenium morphology study found that no inorganic selenium was detected in the polished rice, but all organic selenium was detected in polished rice, organic selenium was mainly comprised by selenomethionine, and a small amount of selenocysteine and selenium methyl selenocysteine. The results provide some references for developing selenium enriched rice as well as investigating various selenium accumulation mechanism among rice varieties.