互联网与中国出口集合扩张——搜寻效应及其双面性

Internet and China Export Mix Extension--Searching Effect and Its Double Facets

基于2004-2007年中国工业企业数据库与中国海关数据库的匹配数据,研究互联网对企业出口决策、出口集合扩张的效应及其机制。结果表明:互联网存在双面性的市场搜寻效应,直接表现为降低企业出口门槛的成本降低效应,促进企业出口进入和种类扩张;间接表现为降低跨国信息不对称程度,引致出口市场竞争加剧效应,缩减出口种类。互联网使企业成功进入出口市场的概率显著提高,并于产品种类、目的国市场范围两个维度对出口集合具有显著的扩张作用,但对低生产率出口企业的出口扩张作用并不明显,即存在竞争加剧效应与成本降低效应。

Based on 2004-2007 matched data from Chinese Industrial Database and Chinese Customs Database,this paper focuses on the influence and mechanism of enterpri-ses Internet access on the export decision making and export mix extension.The results show that Internet has double market searching effects.The direct one,with lowering down the enterprise export threshhold,is cost reduction effect which can foster enterprise export entry and category extension;and the indirect one can reduce the multinational in-formation asymmetry,bringing about export market competition intense effect and the re-duction of export category entries.The access to the Internet has significantly increased the probability of entry into the export market,and has a significant extension effect on the export mix in both product categories and destination markets.However,for low-produc-tivity export companies,the Internets export extension effect is not obvious,revealing the existence of increased competition effect and cost reduction effect.