发展新理念的推广:尼克松政府与1972年人类环境大会

Shaping New Beliefs:Nixon Administration and the Human Environment Conference in 1972

南北方国家间在环境与发展问题上的理念差异,是1972年人类环境大会磋商的关键所在。在大会筹备阶段,发展中国家将环保与贫困问题相关联,以回应美国为首的北方工业化国家的环保倡议。尼克松政府坚持以不牺牲环境为代价的磋商原则,向与会国强调环境保护的极端重要性。正式会议中,美国代表团积极推广生态主义的环保理念,对发展中国家在援助问题上坚持“有限义务”的立场。尼克松政府在人类环境大会上生态主义环保理念的推广,为20世纪八九十年代可持续发展观的产生奠定了基础。

The differences for environment&development beliefs between the North and the South countries,is at the core of the agenda of the Human Environment Conference in 1972.During the preparation process of the Conference,developing countries intensively linked environmental protection and poverty issues,in response to environmental protection initiatives by industrialized nations led by the United States.The Nixon government adhered to the concepts that not sacrifice the environment,while promoted this new idea to participating countries actively.During the formal meeting,the U.S.delegation actively promoted the eco-friendly concept of environmental protection,and insisted on the"limited obligations"position to developing countries on aid issues.The promotion of eco-friendly environmental protection concepts at the Human Environment Conference,laid the foundation for the concept of sustainable development in the 1980s and 1990s.