三甲医院护理人员抑郁症状和职业倦怠的关系以及心理资本的中介作用

The Association between Job Burnout and Depressive Symptoms and the Mediating Role of Psychological Capital in Nurses work in the Third Grade Class Hospital

目的探讨护理人员职业倦怠和抑郁的关系,分析心理资本在抑郁指数和职业倦怠之间的中介作用。方法本次调查采用横断面研究,于2018年12月至2019年1月期间随机抽取云南省某三甲医院636名护理人员,应用一般资料调查表、抑郁自评量表、职业倦怠量表、心理资本量表对其进行问卷调查。结果该医院护士抑郁指数得分(0.57±0.05)。职业倦怠中情绪衰竭和去个性化对抑郁指数有正向预测作用(r=0.437,0.441,P<0.05),低成就感和心理资本四个维度(自我效能、希望、韧性、乐观)对抑郁指数有负向预测作用(r分别为-0.483,-0.759,-0.761,0.738,-0.643,-0.483;P<0.05);分层回归和结构方程模型的结果显示心理资本在抑郁指数和情绪衰竭中起部分中介作用,在抑郁指数和低成就感之间起完全中介作用。结论应当提高护理人员的心理资本水平,可减少护理人员职业紧张,进而避免护理人员抑郁倾向的出现。

Objective To explore the relationship between nurses’job burnout and depressive symptoms and to investigate the mediating role of psychological capital for depressive symptoms and job burnout among nurse staffs.Me thods A cross-sectional study was performed from November 2018 to January 2019.A total of 636 nurse staffs from a third grade class hospital in Kunming city were randomly sampled.The self-rating depression scale,the Maslach Burnout Inventory-general survey and psychological capital questionnaire 24,as well as the questions about demographic and working factors,were administered in questionnaires distributed to 636 nurse staffs.Re-s ults The score of depressive index score among nurses was 0.57±0.05.Exhaustion and professional Efficacy were positively correlated with depression index(r=0.437,0.441,P<0.05).Cynicism and Psy Cap(consisting of hope,self-efficacy,resilience and optimism)were negatively correlated with depression index(r=-0.483,-0.759,-0.761,0.738,-0.643,-0.483,P<0.05).The results of hierarchical regression and structural equation model showed that Psy Cap played partial mediating effect between exhaustion and depressive in dex among nurse staffs and a complete mediating effect between cynicism and depressive index.Conclus ions The psychological capital level of nursing staff should be improved,which can reduce the occupational stress of nursing staff and thus avoid the occurrence of depression tendency of nursing staff.