新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间一线医护人员心理调查

Psychological survey on first-line medical workers during the epidemic of COVID-19

目的对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)流行期间战斗在抗疫一线的医护人员的心理健康进行评估。方法抽取103名2020-01~2020-02工作在新型冠状病毒肺炎临床一线的医护人员,对其进行自制问卷、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)及心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)的评估。对SCL-90和PSSS、CD-RISC得分进行Spearman相关性分析和线性回归分析。结果①超过50%的医护人员担心并认为其感染新型冠状病毒肺炎的危险性高。②与中国常模相比,医护组的PSSS评分中家庭支持、其他支持及PSSS总分显著增高(P<0.001),CD-RISC评分中坚韧性、自强性、乐观性及总分显著增高(P<0.001),SCL-90评分中强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性因子分显著增高(P<0.05)。③Spearman相关性分析结果显示,SCL-90总分和阳性症状数均与医护人员的年龄、工作年限、文化程度正相关(P<0.05),与PSSS、CD-RISC评分负相关(P<0.05)。线性回归显示,SCL-90总分与工作年限[t=2.614,P=0.010,95%CI(0.368,2.691)]、文化程度[t=3.142,P=0.002,95%CI(12.484,55.281)]、CD-RISC总分[t=-4.447,P<0.001,95%CI(-1.438,-0.551)]具有显著相关性。结论抗疫一线医护人员的心理健康受损。年龄增加、工作年限较长、文化程度较高是心理健康的危险因素,而高社会支持水平和心理弹性水平是心理健康的保护因素。

Objective To evaluate the mental health of medical workers who were on the front line during the epidemic of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods A total of 103 medical workers working in the first line of COVID-19 from January to February in 2020 were selected and evaluated by self-made questionnaire,perceived social support scale(PSSS),symptom check-list(SCL-90)and Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC).Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were performed on the scores of SCL-90,PSSS and CD-RISC.Results①More than 50%of the medical workers were concerned and believed to be at high risk of COVID-19 infection.②Compared with the Chinese norm,the scores of family support,other support and total score of PSSS in the medical workers were significantly increased(P<0.001),the scores of toughness,self-improvement,optimism and total score of CD-RISC were significantly increased(P<0.001),and the scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms,anxiety,fear and psychosis were significantly increased in SCL-90(P<0.05).③Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the total score of SCL-90 and the number of positive symptoms were positively correlated with the age,work seniority and education level of medical workers(P<0.05),but negatively correlated with PSSS and CD-RISC scores(P<0.05).Linear regression showed that the total score of SCL-90 was significantly correlated with working years[t=2.614,P=0.010,95%CI(0.368,2.691)],educational level[t=3.142,P=0.002,95%CI(12.484,55.281)],and total score of CD-RISC[t=-4.447,P<0.001,95%CI(-1.438,-0.551)].Conclusion The mental health of the medical workers on the front line of COVID-19 is impaired.Higher age,longer working years and higher education are risk factors for mental health,while the high level of social support and mental resilience are protective factors for mental health.