中国陆地区土地利用/覆被时空格局变化及驱动力分析

Land Use/Cover in China’s Land Areas:Spatio-temporal Pattern Change and Driving Forces Analysis

为了揭示21世纪初的10年,中国陆地区域土地利用格局的时空变化,基于全球30 m地表覆盖遥感数据产品(GlobeLand30),采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,在中国陆地区域和流域尺度上,对10年间的土地利用转移矩阵与土地利用动态度进行实证研究。结果表明:研究区内土地利用类型主要以草地、森林和耕地为主,其中草地、耕地和湿地面积不断减少,分别减少了140413、20480、692 km^2,裸地和人造地表的面积增长的比较明显,增长了99645、26302 km^2;草地-裸地、草地-森林之间的转化较为剧烈,灌木地和人造地表的变化速率最大,达1.80%。各子流域内,土地利用类型时空格局变化不同,大部分流域以草地、耕地和森林为主。区域内草地、裸地和人造地表类型的变化明显,人为因素对土地利用格局的影响较大且活跃,自然因素的影响较为持久和稳定。

To reveal the spatio-temporal changes of land use pattern in China in the early 21 st century,based on the global 30 m land cover remote sensing data product(GlobeLand30),using the qualitative and quantitative analysis methods,we analyzed the land use transfer matrix and land use dynamics in the 10 years.The results showed that:grassland,forest and cultivated land were the main land use types in the study area,and the areas of grassland,cultivated land and wetland decreased continuously by 140413,20480 and692 km^2,respectively;the areas of bare land and artificial land increased obviously by 99645 and 26302 km^2;the transformation between grassland and bare land,grassland and forest was more intense;shrub land and artificial land surface had the largest change rate,reaching 1.80%;the patterns of land use types in each subbasin were different,and grassland,cultivated land and forest were the main types in most basins.The types of grassland,bare land and artificial land surface change obviously in the region,the influence of human factors on land use pattern is great and active,and the influence of natural factors is lasting and stable.