明代国子监人才培养模式探析

An Analysis of Talents Training Mode of Imperial College in Ming Dynasty

明代国子监是明代中央官学的最高学府。明代国子监在人才培养过程中,本着"德行为本,文艺次之"的设教立学原则,将培养"才德兼美""文武兼备"的政治统治"全材"作为培养目标,广设"明体达用"课程,既注重夯实国子监学生的通识教育基础,又注重学生实践能力的培养,形成了坐监积分与实习吏事紧密衔接的教学管理制度,在中国封建社会后期的人才培养中影响深远,值得参考镜鉴。

Imperial College of Ming Dynasty was the highest institution of the central official school. In the process of talents cultivation,Imperial College of Ming Dynasty followed the teaching principle of "morality first,literature and art second",took the cultivation of all-round political talents with not only "ability and virtue" but also "civilian and military" as the training objective,and set practical and professional courses widely,which strengthened the general education foundation and paid more attention to the cultivation of students’ practical ability,so as to form a teaching management system with a close connection between the students’ academic credit and the internships of being an official. That system had far-reaching influences on the talents cultivation in the later period of feudal society in China,being worthy of our references.