地理信息系统在地缘领域中的应用与展望

Application and Prospect of Geographic Information System in Geopolitics

地理信息系统(GIS)作为一门重要的空间信息技术和基础应用平台,近年来在地缘研究领域受到较大关注并获得了初步应用。该文从地缘环境建模、地缘环境数据管理、地缘环境分析、地缘环境数据可视化的角度解析了GIS在地缘领域的应用模式,构建了地缘领域GIS应用框架,分析了地缘领域GIS应用现状,剖析了存在的问题,并对GIS在地缘领域的进一步应用进行展望,以期GIS这门学科能够在地缘研究领域获得充分重视及广泛深入应用,不断提高地缘研究的科学性、准确性和可靠性。今后需要从以下方面加强地缘领域GIS应用研究:1)加强地缘环境数据管理平台与机制建设;2)加强模糊定性因素量化研究;3)加强学科交叉融合研究;4)加强大数据分析、机器学习、可视化等方法引入。

As an important spatial information technology and basic application platform,geographic information system(GIS)has got much attention and has been preliminarily applied in geopolitics in recent years.This paper analyzed the application mode of GIS in geopolitics from the perspectives of geo-environment modeling,geo-environment data management,geo-environment analysis and geo-environment data visualization.The GIS application framework in geopolitics was constructed,and the development and problems of GIS application in geopolitics were analyzed.The further application of GIS was discussed so that GIS can be fully evaluated and widely applied in geopolitics,and the scientificity,accuracy and reliability of geopolitics research can be further improved.The results show that the research of GIS application in geopolitics should be strengthened from the following aspects:1)the construction of geo-environment data management platform and the data management mechanism construction,2)the quantitative research of fuzzy qualitative factors in geo-environment,3)the interdisciplinary integration of GIS and other geopolitics disciplines for the wider application of GIS in geopolitics,4)the introduction of big data analysis,machine learning,visualization and other methods to improve the ability of geo-environment prediction,visual analysis and automatic mapping based on GIS.