3种试剂对单宁/呋喃泡沫塑料的改性研究

Modification of Tannin/Furanic Foam by Three Reagents

为改善单宁/呋喃泡沫塑料的性能,选取硼酸、磷酸和甲基磷酸二甲酯3种试剂对以粉末状杨梅单宁和糠醇为主要原料制备成的生物质硬质泡沫塑料进行改性研究,阐述了其制备工艺,分析了3种改性剂对泡沫基本性能的影响。结果表明,3种改性剂的加入明显改善了泡沫的阻燃性、易脆性、保温性和尺寸稳定性。综合分析得出,磷酸溶液对泡沫的改性效果最佳,少量磷酸加入后,泡沫氧指数为38.59%,提高了11%;粉末化程度降低了24%;发泡时间从210 s缩短至127 s,大大提升了发泡速率。DMMP改性后,泡沫导热系数从0.0296 W·m^-1·K^-1降低至0.0244 W·m^-1·K^-1,降低了18%。

In order to improve the performances of the tannin-furan based foam,three reagents,including boric acid,phosphoric acid and dimethyl methylphosphonate(DMMP)were used to conduct the modification of the foam prepared by using bayberry tannin and furfural alcohol as main stuffs.The foaming process was introduced.Effects of those three reagents on the basic performances of the foam materials were analyzed.The results showed that the flame retardance,friability and thermal insulation as well as the dimension stability were improved significantly with three reagents.The comprehensive analysis showed that the best modification effect was obtained by adding phosphoric acid.After the addition of small amount of phosphoric acid,the oxygen index of the foam was 38.59%,increased by 11%,while the friability decreased by 24%,the foaming time shorted from 210 s to 127 s,which significantly increased the foaming efficiency.The thermal conductivity decreased from 0.0296 to 0.0244 W·m^-1·K^-1 with DMMP modification,decreased by 18%.