建立我国应急物流体系的构想与对策--基于新冠肺炎疫情防控的经验教训

Conception and Countermeasures of Establishing Emergency Logistics System in China--Based on the Experience and Lessons of the Prevention and Control of COVID-19

应急物流体系是我国应急管理体系中的重要内容,是应对突发事件的重要环节和保障。此次新冠肺炎疫情大考,凸显我国应急物流体系在十分重要的环节上存在一些短板,如缺乏应急物流统一管理的常设机构,缺乏应急物流重大疫情联动响应机制,缺乏应急物流管理的政策保障,缺乏多方共建的物流信息平台等。总结历次重大突发公共事件,特别是新冠肺炎疫情中应急物流管理的经验教训,我国亟需以整体规划、逐步完善,厉行节约、平战结合,政府主导、多方参与,统一管理、统筹全局为原则,构建主要由政策保障、运输配送、信息管理、物资管理等政府部门组成,贯穿应急物资采购、应急物资运输、应急物资配送、逆向物流全流程的"政、企、军、民"应急物流体系。当前应着重加大应急物流体系理论与政策研究,完善应急物流体系法律建设,建立应急联动响应机制,加快推动物流新业态新模式发展。

The emergency logistics system is an important part of China’s emergency management system and an important guarantee in the event of an emergency.The COVID-19 Outbreak highlights the shortcomings of China’s emergency logistics system at very important links,such as the lack of a permanent agency for unified management of emergency logistics,the lack of a joint emergency response mechanism for emergency logistics,and the lack of emergency logistics management policy guarantee Lack of multi-party logistics information platform,etc.To sum up the experience of major public emergencies,especially the experience and lessons of emergency logistics management in the New Coronary Pneumonia epidemic,China urgently needs overall planning,gradual improvement,the combination of economy,peace and war,government leadership,multi-party participation,unified management and overall planning In principle,the construction of"political,enterprise,military,and civilian"emergency logistics,which is mainly composed of government departments such as policy guarantee,transportation and distribution,information management,and material management,runs through the entire process of emergency material procurement,emergency material transportation,emergency material distribution,and reverse logistics.system.At present,we should focus on increasing the research on the theory and policy of the emergency logistics system,improving the legal construction of the emergency logistics system,establishing an emergency linkage response mechanism,and accelerating the development of new logistics formats and new models.