美国的贫困问题:成因、政策与影响

Poverty in the United States:Causes,Policy and Impacts

作为全球最大的发达国家,美国面临着贫困问题的挑战。文章首先对美国联邦政府如何定义贫困以及美国当前的贫困现状进行阐述。其次结合学术界两大贫困理论,解释美国存在贫穷的原因。再次从福利制度的诞生、演进历史、所形成的福利体系以及成效评价等几个方面,详细探析了美国政府为建立与改革福利制度所作出的努力。最后从政治、经济和社会等角度分析了美国贫困问题带来的影响。

The United States,as the world’s largest developed country,faces the challenge of poverty.Firstly,the paper expounds how the U.S.federal government defines poverty and the current poverty situation of America.Secondly,this paper explains the causes of poverty in the U.S.,in which there are two poverty theories in academia facing the complex poverty problems.Thirdly,this paper is to study the efforts made by the U.S.government to establish and reform the welfare system,including the birth,evolution history,the current welfare system and the effectiveness evaluation.Finally,this paper analyzes the impacts of poverty in America from perspectives of the political,economic and society.