人工智能促进公共卫生安全风险治理:何以可能,何以可为--以新冠肺炎重大疫情为例

Artificial Intelligence for Improving Public Health Security Risk Management: Why Is It Possible and What Can Be Done

人工智能技术对于提升政府、社会和个人的风险治理能力有重要作用。公共卫生安全风险呈现出突发性、复杂性、扩散性、冲突性和破坏性的特征,人工智能可以有效应对风险治理实践中的诸多困境。从应对新冠肺炎重大疫情的实践来看,人工智能在风险治理中虽取得初步成效,但在技术、政策、管理和应用层面仍面临诸多制约。因此,应从战略层面重视人工智能技术研发和产业布局,从制度层面强化人工智能技术落地实施的保障,从应用层面推动人工智能数据共享平台互联互通,从体系层面构建国家、政府、企业和科研院所之间的人工智能协同创新机制,以充分发挥人工智能对提升公共卫生安全风险治理效能的重要作用。

AI technology plays an important role in enhancing governmental,social and individual capacities of risk management. Public health security risks are characteristic of suddenness,complexity,proliferation,conflict,and destructiveness,and AI can effectively address many predicaments in risk management practice. From the responding to the outbreak of Covid-19,AI still faces many constraints in technology,policy,management and application. Therefore,emphasis should be placed on AI technological research and development and industry layout at the strategic level. The guarantee of AI technology implementation should be strengthened at the institutional level,AI data sharing platforms should be interconnected to achieve interoperability at the application level. AI collaborative innovation mechanism between the state,government,enterprises and scientific research institutes should be constructed at the system level.