新制度经济学视角下“药品零差率”政策的市场回应及应对措施

Market Response and Countermeasures of the"Zero Markup of Drugs"Policy from the Perspective of New Institutional Economics

"药品零差率"政策实行后,由于政府对药品价格加成的管控造成医生租值损失,部分医生作为"理性经济人"为补偿租值损失,诱导患者需求,过度使用高价药品和冗余的治疗方案,造成低价药品短缺,"药品零差率"政策效果不明显。通过新制度经济学中的合约理论和租值理论研究演绎,剖析"药品零差率"政策下市场回应的经济学根源,在推进"药品零差率"政策落实的同时,需建立以临床路径为纲,鼓励市场竞争为核心的政策配套措施。

After the implementation of the zero markup of drugs policy,due to the government’s control of the price increase of drugs,the doctors’rent value has been lost.As rational economic men,some doctors compensate for the loss of rent and induce the demand of patients,which is manifested by excessive use of high-priced drugs and redundant treatment programs have resulted in a shortage of low-cost drugs,and the zero markup of drugs policy has a low effect.Through the contract theory and rent theory research in the new institutional economics,this study analyzes the economic roots of the market response under the"zero markup of drugs"policy.While promoting the implementation of the"zero markup of drugs"policy,it is necessary to establish policy supporting measures with clinical pathway as the outline and encouraging market competition as the core.