庐山植物园9种杜鹃花属植物种子萌发特性观测

Seed Germination Characteristics of 9 Rhododendron Species in Lushan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences

杜鹃花作为城市园林绿化中的重要观赏树种,了解其种子萌发的特性对杜鹃花的推广应用具有重要意义。以庐山植物园9种杜鹃属植物为实验材料,在25℃恒温条件下对其萌发情况进行观测,分析不同种杜鹃的千粒重和萌发特性差异,结果表明:杜鹃花植物种子较为细小,千粒重仅为0.134~0.268 g。室温贮存下不同杜鹃花属植物的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数等指标的变化趋势相同,其中百合花杜鹃的四个萌发指标均处于9种杜鹃的首位。通过萌发特性分析比较,不同种杜鹃花萌发能力大小为百合花>广福杜鹃>猴头杜鹃>云锦杜鹃>短脉杜鹃>腺绒杜鹃>桃叶杜鹃>红滩杜鹃>井冈山杜鹃,为扩大杜鹃花的种子繁育及引种驯化提供了理论依据。

Rhododendron is an important ornamental tree species in urban landscaping.It is of great significance to understand the characteristics during the germination period for the promotion and application of Rhododendron.The seeds of 9 Rhododendron species plants were used as experimental materials.Thousand kernel weight and germination characteristics of different species Rhododendrons were determined to study the differences under constant temperature at 25°C in Lushan Botanical Garden.The results showed that the seeds of Rhododendron were relatively small,and the 1000-grain weight was only 0.134-0.268 g.The germination rate,germination potential,germination index and vigor index of different Rhododendron plants have the same change trend at room temperature,and the four germination indexes of R.liliiflorum were the first in 9 kinds of Rhododendrons.According to the analysis of germination characteristics,the germination ability of different kinds of Rhododendrons was,R.liliiflorum>R.kwangfuense>R.simiarum>R.fortunei>R.brevinerve>R.leptopeplum>R.annae>R.chihsinianum>R.jinggangshanicum,which provides a theoretical basis for expanding seed breeding and introduction and domestication of Rhododendron.