山东省旅游特色村空间格局特征及影响因素

Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Tourism Characteristic Villages in Shandong Province

研究以山东省1207个旅游特色村为研究对象,综合运用GIS空间分析和数理统计等分析方法,探讨了旅游特色村的空间格局及影响因素。结果表明:①山东省旅游特色村经历慢速增长(2008—2011年)、中期过渡(2012—2013年)、快速增长(2014—2017年)阶段,在空间上呈集聚分布。②空间密度呈“环山呈带,沿海多点”分布格局;形成环鲁中南山地丘陵外围旅游特色村高密度带,威海、青岛、五莲多点分布。③显著空间正向自相关,冷热点格局呈以鲁中南热点县域为中心,由热点至冷点向外辐射“三环两点”结构。④旅游特色村空间格局形成过程中,政府政策起主导作用,高级景区与客源起导向作用,致使旅游特色村空间格局呈沿山地集聚、沿河、绕城、环高级景区分布。

Taking 1207 tourism characteristic villages in Shandong Province as research object,we discussed their spatial pattern and influencing factors by using the methods of GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics.The results were as follows.①The development of the tourism characteristic villages experienced slow growth(2008-2011),intermediate transition(2012-2013)and rapid growth(2014-2017),which showed the spatial agglomeration distribution.②The density difference of tourism characteristic villages was obvious,which was the density pattern of“the belt around the mountains and the coastal area”forming a high density belt of tourism characteristic villages around the mountains and hills in central and southern of Shandong,and three independent high density points of Weihai point,Qingdao point,Wulian point.③Significant positive spatial autocorrelation results in the spatial hot spot distribution pattern of mid-hot cycle cooling and radiation distribution.The cold hot spot pattern takes the middle hot spot county of Shandong as the center,radiating the“three-circles two-point”structure from the hot spot to the cold point.④In the process of forming the spatial pattern of tourism characteristic villages,the government policies played a steering role,and the high-level scenic spots and tourist sources played a leading role,resulting in the spatial pattern of tourism characteristic villages along the mountains,along the rivers,around the cities,and around the distribution of high-level scenic spots.