中国审美方式的起源、定型与特色--从远古仪式的感美方式到审美之“观”

Origin, Becoming and Characters of Chinese Way of Aesthetic Appreciation:From Rites of Distant Past to Guan as Way of Aesthetic Appreciation

中国美学的审美方式萌生于远古的立中仪式,从最初的空地和坛台仪式中的"雚-视-省",到祖庙中的"-察-审",最后在理性化之"观"中得到定型。定型的审美之观包括:(1)俯仰往还的"游观";(2)感官心性一体的"通感";(3)由表及里的"玄观"。由游观、通观、玄观构成的中国审美之观,具有中国美学的整体性,体现出真善美互动和虚实隐显的灵动之特色。

As the Chinese way of aesthetic appreciation,guan( literally: watch,observe,inspect or examine) came into being from the rites of the time immemorial. It was primarily done in the open area with or without sacrificial altar,then in ancestor’s temple,and finally became a way in somewhat rational form,which might be gazing with up-down and forward-back look,gazing for synaesthesia physically and spiritually,and gazing to obtain metaphysical meditation. This way of Chinese aesthetic appreciation is characteristic of its wise combination of the true-goodbeautiful and the spiritual-substantive.