团体高强度间歇训练和持续性有氧运动对大学生生活质量的影响

Influence of group high intensity interval training and continuous aerobic exercise on the quality of life of college students

目的探讨大学生团体高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和持续性有氧运动与生活质量的关系,为指导大学生进行科学合理的体育活动提供参考。方法通过网络招募深圳信息职业技术学院61名大学生,随机分为团体健身课程组(H组,22名)和单人有氧运动组(M组,19名)及对照组(C组,20名),进行为期14周的运动干预实验。H组受试者每周参加3次30 min的团体HIIT课程,M组受试者每周单独进行3次50 min的持续性有氧运动,C组受试者不进行有规律的体育活动。实验前、后对受试者进行生活质量水平评估与对比。结果实验后,H组、M组受试者的生活质量水平提高(t值分别为12.12,6.44,P值均<0.01),其中H组受试者生理、心理、社会关系和环境领域提高(t值分别为11.37,2.74,5.48,P值均<0.01),M组受试者生理、心理和环境领域提高(t值分别为7.05,7.13,2.35,P值均<0.05),且H组受试者在生理、心理和社会关系领域高于M组(t值分别为3.43,3.46,2.51,P值均<0.01)。对照组实验前后生活质量得分差异无统计学意义。结论团体HIIT和持续性有氧运动可以改善大学生生活质量水平,且团体HIIT比持续性有氧运动效果更显著,特别是在生理、心理和社会关系领域。

Objective To explore the relationship between group high intensity interval training( HIIT) and continuous aerobic exercise with quality of life( QOL), and to provide a reference for scientific and reasonable sports guidance. Methods Totally 61 college students were enrolled from Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology and randomly divided into group fitness course group( H Group, n = 22), single aerobic exercise group( M group, n = 19) and control group( C group, n = 20). The exercise intervention experiment lasted for 14 weeks. Group H subjects participated in 30 minute group HIIT courses three times a week;group M subjects took 50 minute continuous aerobic exercise three times a week alone;group C subjects did not take regular physical activities. Before and after the experiment, the quality of life of the subjects was evaluated and compared. Results After the experiment, the quality of life in H group and M group was significantly improved( t = 12.12, 6.44, P<0.01). H group was significantly improved( t = 11.37, 2.74, 5.48, P<0.01) in physiological, psychological, social and environmental fields;M group was significantly improved( t = 7.05, 7.13, 2.35, P<0.05) in physiological, psychological and environmental fields. H group was significantly higher than M group( t = 3.43, 3.46, 2.51, P<0.01) in the physiological, psychological and social relations fields. In contrast, there was no significant change before and after the control group. Conclusion Group high intensity interval training and continuous aerobic exercise can improve quality of life of college students, and group HIIT is more effective in enhancing physical,psychological, and social quality of life.