中高强度运动对肥胖女大学生身体成分及心血管功能指标的影响

Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on body composition, arterial stiffness and serum resistin level in obese college female students

目的比较12周高强度间歇运动(HIIT)和中等强度连续运动(MICT)对肥胖女大学生身体成分、动脉僵硬度(cf PWV)和血清抵抗素水平的影响,为改善肥胖大学生的心血管健康水平以及寻求更好的减肥方法提供理论依据。方法将晋中学院37名肥胖女大学生随机分为HIIT组(19名)和MICT组(18名)。HIIT组及MICT组分别进行12周(5次/周)运动干预,所有受试者在实验前、后测试身体成分指标及血清抵抗素水平,通过测量颈-股脉搏波速度(cf PWV)评估动脉僵硬度。结果 12周HIIT和MICT均能降低肥胖女大学生体重、体质量指数(BMI)、身体脂肪量及躯干脂肪量(P值均<0.05),只有HIIT使cf PWV及血清抵抗素水平降低,肌肉量增加(P值均<0.01)。与MICT组比较,HIIT组干预后躯干脂肪量、cf PWV及抵抗素水平均下降,肌肉量增加(t值分别为2.19,6.02,2.64,-2.76,P值均<0.01),且HIIT干预前后血清抵抗素降低的变化量与躯干脂肪量及cf PWV降低变化量呈正相关,与肌肉量增加呈负相关(r值分别为0.52,0.56,-0.65,P值均<0.01)。结论 HIIT及MICT对肥胖女大学生身体成分均有影响。与MICT比较,HIIT对躯干脂肪量、肌肉量及动脉僵硬度的改善更有效,可能与此运动降低血清抵抗素水平有关。

Objective To investigate the effects of 12-week high-intensity interval training( HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training( MICT) on body composition, arterial stiffness( cf PWV) and serum resistin level in the obese college female students, so as to provide a theoretical reference for improving the cardiovascular health of obese college students and seeking better ways of losing weight. Methods Thirty-seven female college students were chosen and then randomly assigned to HIIT group( n =19), MICT group( n = 18). The subjects in both the HIIT group and MICT group underwent exercise for 12 weeks( five times per week). Then body composition and resistin level were measured, arterial stiffness by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity( cf PWV)was evaluated in all subjects before and after training. Results After 12-week exercise, body weight, BMI, body fat and trunk fat significantly decreased in both HIIT and MICT groups( t = 2. 19, 6. 02, 2. 64,-2. 76, P < 0. 05);muscle mass significantly increased, serum resistin level and cf PWV significantly decreased( P< 0.01) only in HIIT group. Compared with the MICT group,trunk fat, cf PWV, serum resistin level were lower and muscle mass was higer in HIIT group( P<0.05), while the reduction of serum resistin level before and after the intervention of HIIT was positively correlated with the reduction in the trunk fat and cf PWV, and negatively correlated with the increases in the muscle mass( r = 0.52, 0.56,-0.65, P<0.01). Conclusion Both HIIT and MICT have favorable effects on body composition in obese college female students. However, HIIT is more beneficial for improving the trunk fat and arterial stiffness than MICT group which may be associated with decreases in serum resistin level.