ABO基因转录调控机制研究进展

The research progress of ABO gene transcription regulation

ABO血型抗原不仅表达于红细胞表面,在多种组织的上皮细胞、内皮细胞中也有表达。在细胞发育、分化、成熟过程中ABO抗原表达状态发生一系列变化,在一些疾病,如血液系统疾病、恶性实体瘤的进程中,红细胞及组织中ABO抗原的表达水平也会发生改变。为弄清ABO抗原表达变化的调节机制,本文综述了ABO抗原表达相关的转录调控分子基础,包括ABO基因上游、下游和内含子中的转录调控元件及这些区域结合的转录因子的调控作用,以及与ABO基因转录相关的表观遗传调控机制,反义RNA的调控机制,为系统性的认识调控ABO基因转录的分子机制提供参考。

Objective ABO blood group antigen is expressed not only on the surface of red blood cells,but also in epithelial cells and endothelial cells of many tissues.During normal cell development,differentiation and maturation,there are drastic changes in the expression of ABO antigens.Also,considerable variabilities in antigen expressions were observed in the pathological processes of some diseases such as hematological diseases and malignant solid tumor etc..,In order to understand the molecular basis of how the ABO genes are controlled in cell type-specific expression,we reviewed the regulatory mechanism of ABO gene transcription,including transcriptional regulatory elements located in 5′-upstream region,3′-downstream region,introns of ABO gene,and the regulation of transcription factors binding to such regions,as well as the epigenetic regulation mechanisms related to ABO gene transcription and the regulatory mechanisms employed by antisense RNAs,so as to provide references for systematic understanding of the regulatory mechanism of ABO gene transcription.