心理痛苦温度计在恶性肿瘤住院患者及家属中的应用

Application of distress thermometer in hospitalized patients with malignant tumors and their families

目的研究癌症住院患者及其家属心理痛苦程度的影响因素,探讨两者之间的相关性,为患者及家属的心理疏导提供理论依据。方法采用问卷调查表、心理痛苦温度计(Distress Thermometer,DT)的方法,随机抽取癌症患者及其直系家属各248例,采集问卷调查信息并进行统计学分析。结果目前癌症患者心理痛苦得分为(3.39±2.58)分,其家属为(2.95±2.46)分,显著痛苦检出率分别为41.93%及35.48%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.190)。在不同的家庭经济情况下,患者与家属心理痛苦平均分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在患者不同病程长短分组中,患者病程≥6个月的家属DT评分(2.54±2.71)分,而病程<6个月的,家属DT评分(2.36±2.15)分,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.042)。结论心理痛苦在癌症患者及家属中普遍存在,显著痛苦检出率均较高,且家属与患者本人心理痛苦程度相当,均与家庭经济情况相关。患者病程长短影响患者及家属心理痛苦程度,在医疗及护理过程中,需要同时关注患者及家属心理痛苦。

Objective To analyze the current state of psychological distress and its influencing factors in hospitalized patients and their families,and to explore the correlation between the psychological distress of patients and their families,and to provide a theoretical basis for guiding psychological counseling during clinical treatment.Methods A self-designed general situation questionnaire and Distress Thermometer(DT)were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 248 patients with randomized malignant tumors and their immediate family members.A database was established and statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21.Results The average psychological pain score of in patients with malignant tumors was(3.29±2.58),and the family members were(2.85±2.46).The difference was not statistically significant(P=0.190).The significant pain detection rate was 41.93%and 35.48%;under the different family economic situation group,the average difference of psychological pain between patients and their families was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the different lengths of patients,the DT score of family members with disease duration≥6 months was(2.54±2.71).The course of disease was<6 months,the family DT score was(2.36±2.15),the difference was statistically significant(P=0.042).Conclusion Patients with malignant tumors and their families are generally suffering from psychological pain.The detection rate of significant pain is high,and the psychological pain of family members is not related to the patient’s own.It is related to the annual income of the family.The length of the patient’s disease affects the psychological pain of the family members.In the medical and nursing process,it is necessary to pay attention to the psychological pain of patients and their families.