2015-2018年彭州市青少年血压偏高现况分析

Analysis on the Trend of High Blood Pressure Among Adolescents in Pengzhou From 2015 to 2018

目的了解2015-2018年彭州市青少年血压水平和血压偏高检出率变化趋势,为学校开展高血压有关健康教育提供参考。方法基于2015-2018年彭州市学生体检数据,选取具有性别、年龄、身高、体重和血压完整资料的80 186名13~17岁的青少年作为研究对象,了解仪器分析2015-2018年彭州市青少年血压水平、血压偏高率和超重肥胖的变化趋势、均数比较使用方差分析,不同性别、地区、BMI分组的青少年血压偏高检出率之间用χ2检验。结果彭州市青少年血压水平和血压偏高检出率高于国家平均水平。2015-2018年彭州市青少年收缩压(SBP)水平呈上升趋势,增加2.21 mmHg;舒张压(DBP)水平略微下降,降低0.27 mmHg。城市地区青少年SBP和DBP增长幅度较大,分别为4.86 mmHg和5.71mmHg。血压偏高和单纯舒张压偏高检出率呈减少趋势,单纯收缩压偏高检出率呈增加趋势。青少年超重、肥胖检出率逐年升高,2018年为9.51%和3.00%;同时随着超重和肥胖迅猛增长,青少年的血压水平和血压偏高检出率也都快速增长。结论 2015-2018年彭州市青少年血压水平、单纯收缩压偏高检出率、超重和肥胖检出率均成增加趋势。彭州市青少年高血压防控形势不容乐观,应重点针对超重肥胖青少年开展健康干预。

Objective To understand the trend of high blood pressure level and the detection rate of high blood pressure among adolescents in Pengzhou City from 2015 to 2018, so as to provide reference for schools to carry out health education related to hypertension. Methods Based on the physical examination data of students in Pengzhou City from 2015 to 2018,80 186 adolescents aged13-17 years old with complete data on gender,age,height,weight and blood pressure were selected as subjects, including 41 006 males and 39 180 females. Results In Pengzhou, the detection rate of high blood pressure and blood pressure level of adolescents was higher than that of the national average. From 2015 to 2018, the SBP level of adolescents showed an upward trend with the increase by 2.21 mm Hg, whereas the DBP level declined slightly with the decrease by 0.27 mm Hg. The increase level of SBP and DBP among adolescents in urban areas was 4.86 mm Hg and 5.71 mm Hg,respectively. The detection rates of high blood pressure and high diastolic blood pressure showed a decreasing trend,while the detection rate of high simple systolic pressure high showed an upward trend. The detection rates of overweight and obesity in adolescents increased year by year,and the detection rates of overweight and obesity were 9.51% and 3.00% in 2018. With the rapid growth of overweight and obesity, the detection rates of adolescent blood pressure and high blood pressure increased rapidly. Conclusion From 2015 to 2018,the blood pressure level,detection rate of high simple systolic pressure,detection rates of overweight and obesity among adolescents increased in Pengzhou City. The situation of prevention and control of hypertension among adolescents in Pengzhou is not optimistic. It is important to focus on health interventions for overweight and obese adolescents.