类比法在大学物理教学中的应用探讨

Discussion on the Application of Analogy Method in College Physics Teaching

随着高考改革,学生可以选择3+X的考试组合模式,鉴于物理抽象难懂,并且需要更多的数学知识,导致高考选考物理的学生人数锐减。大学物理作为一门重要的必修公共基础课程,对于国家所倡导的通识教育和科技强国战略具有重要的作用。类比法作为一种行之有效的教学方法将在帮助学生深入理解和把握抽象的物理概念及定律方面发挥独特的作用,同时学生可以运用类比方法发现科学问题,锻炼科研能力,培养科学素养。课堂教学中将类比法与学生思政教育有机结合,收到良好的效果。

With the college entrance examination reform, students can choose the 3+X exam combination model. Given the intricacies of physical abstraction and the need for more mathematics, the number of students who choose the physics of the college entrance examination is drastically reduced. As an important compulsory public foundation course, university physics plays an important role in the general education and science and technology power strategy advocated by the state. As an effective teaching method, the analogy method will play a unique role in helping students to understand and grasp the abstract physical concepts and laws. At the same time, students can use analogy methods to discover scientific problems, exercise scientific research ability, and cultivate scientific literacy. Classroom teaching combines analogy with students’ ideological and political education and receives good results.