湍动流化床气化焚烧炉灰渣沿程特性分析

Characteristics of ash and slag in turbulent fluidized bed gasification incinerator

湍动流化床气化焚烧炉是一种"变截面"结构,采用分级进料、分级气化、分级燃烧相耦合的方式处理有机废物,其灰渣特性与其他炉型相比有无差别尚待研究。本文以越南某湍动流化床气化焚烧炉为例,采用全自动工业分析仪、马尔文激光粒度仪、X射线荧光光谱分析仪分别对焚烧飞灰的工业分析、粒径及元素组成进行分析,并阐述了沿飞灰路径的灰渣金属氧化物富集特性。结果表明:焚烧炉燃烧充分,飞灰含碳量几乎为0;飞灰粒径大部分小于100μm;灰渣主要成分为SiO2、CaO和Al2O3,Cl元素的质量分数沿飞灰路径增加40%~70%不等;大部分金属氧化物的质量分数沿飞灰路径呈增加趋势。该研究结果可为湍动流化床气化焚烧炉的灰渣合理利用以及工艺改进提供依据。

Turbulent fluidized bed(TFB) gasification incinerator has a "variable cross-section" structure,which adopts a turbulent-bed boiler that processes organic waste in a combination of staged feeding,staged gasification,and staged combustion.However,whether the carbon content in fly ash,particle size distribution of fly ash,and mineral composition of fly ash and ash are different from other furnace types remains to be studied.This article takes a TFB gasification incinerator in Vietnam as a case.The full-automatic industrial analyzer,Malvern laser particle size analyzer,and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer were used to analyze the composition,particle size,and elemental composition of the incineration fly ash,as well as the metal oxides enrichment characteristics of the ash components along the incinerator.The results show that,the TFB gasification incinerator has sufficient combustion and the carbon content in fly ash is almost zero.The particle size of fly ash is mostly less than 100 μm.The main components of the incineration ash are SiO2,CaO and Al2O3.The mass percentage of Cl increases along the fly ash path,ranging from 40% to 70%;the mass percentage of most metal oxides increases along the fly ash path.The research can provide a reasonable utilization method for ash and slag in TFB gasification incinerators and corresponding basis for process improvement.