鄂西北地区消化道疾病患者食物不耐受检测结果分析

Analysis of Food Intolerance Test Results in Patients with Digestive Tract Diseases in Northwest Hubei

目的:探讨鄂西北地区消化道疾病患者的食物不耐受情况,为患者提供饮食指导及为疾病预防提供理论依据。方法:收集2016年12月-2019年3月因消化道疾病在十堰市太和医院消化功能室接受食物不耐受检测的763例患者的临床资料。所有患者均采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)半定量法检测血清14种食物过敏原特异性IgG水平,采用统计学软件分析检测结果。结果:阳性率较高的前5位食物分别为虾、蛋清、螃蟹、大豆和鳕鱼,而阳性率较低的前5位食物分别为牛肉、牛奶、小麦、西红柿和玉米。轻度敏感前5位食物:虾、螃蟹、鳕鱼、大豆和大米;中度敏感前5位食物:虾、蛋清、螃蟹、大豆和鳕鱼;重度敏感前5位食物:蛋清、虾、大米、牛奶和大豆。女性患者阳性率较男性高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),蛋清的女性阳性率高于男性(P<0.05);而西红柿则相反,男性阳性率高于女性(P<0.05),其他食物不同性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但螃蟹、蛋清、牛奶、虾、大豆、小麦等6种食物患者间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),余食物不同年龄患者无显著差异。结论:鄂西北地区人群消化道疾病患者普遍存在食物不耐受,食物不耐受与患者性别、年龄具有一定相关性;通过食物不耐受检测结果为患者提供饮食指导,可减少不良反应发生,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To investigate the food intolerance of patients with digestive tract diseases in the northwest of Hubei Province,and to provide diet guidance and theoretical basis for the disease prevention.Methods Clinical data of 763 patients who received food intolerance in the digestive function room of Shiyan Taihe hospital from December 2016 to March 2019 were collected.The patients'serum levels of 14 kinds of food allergen specific IgG were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and analyzed by statistical software.Results The top 5 foods with high positive rate were shrimp,egg white,crab,soybean and cod,while the top 5 foods with low positive rate were beef,milk,wheat,tomato and corn.Top 5 foods with mild sensitivity were shrimp,crab,cod,soybean and rice;top 5 foods with moderate sensitivity were shrimp,egg white,crab,soybean and cod;top 5 foods with high sensitivity were egg white,shrimp,rice,milk and soybean.The positive rate of female patients was higher than that of males,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate of females in egg white was higher than that of males(P<0.05);on the contrary,the positive rate of males in tomato was higher than that of females(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the sexes on other foods(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate between different ages(P>0.05),but there was significant difference among the patients with six foods such as crab,egg white,milk,shrimp,soybean and wheat(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the remaining foods for patients of different ages.Conclusion Food inlerance is common among patients with digestive tract diseases in northwest Hubei.Food intolerance has a certain correlation with gender and age of patients.Dietary intolerance test results can provide dietary guidance for patients,reduce adverse reactions and improve patient's quality of life.