从介入到共生:新冠疫情媒体报道中专家话语的表达修辞

From Intervention to Symbiosis:Expression Rhetoric of Expert Discourse in Media Report of COVID-19 Epidemic

新冠疫情作为突发公共卫生事件所引发的风险和危机,呼唤媒体承担其应有的角色和责任。在此背景下,本文聚焦新冠疫情媒体报道对专家所代表的知识话语的借用,剖析被打破话语界限后的专家话语如何进入公共表达和修辞,归纳总结了四种典型话语修辞框架:通过概念修辞框架来建构防疫的公共日常;通过隐喻修辞框架实现喻体资源的有限借用;通过故事修辞框架追求可述性的平衡;通过描述修辞框架坚守科学理性的表达。同时,本文认为突发公共卫生事件的专家话语在与媒介角色互动中应当发展一种更为成熟的话语共生状态。

The COVID-19 epidemic, as a risk and crisis caused by sudden public health incidents, calls on the media to assume its due role and responsibilities. In this context, this article focuses on the borrowing of the knowledge discourse represented by experts in the COVID-19 Epidemic Situation media report, analyzes how expert discourse after breaking the discourse boundaries enters public expression and rhetoric.Four typical discourse rhetoric frameworks are summarized: constructing the public daily routine of epidemic prevention through conceptual rhetoric Frame;realizing the limited borrowing of metaphor resources through the metaphorical rhetoric frame;pursuing the balance of narrability through the story rhetoric frame;adhering to the scientific and rational expression by describing the rhetorical frame. This article believes that the expert discourse of public health emergencies should develop a more mature symbiotic state in the interaction with the role of the media.