稀缺租金视阈下基于MAC和SCC的碳管制分布式效应分析

Distribution Effect Analysis of Carbon Regulation Based on MAC and SCC from the Perspective of Scarcity Rent

在气候变化经济学的视角下引入稀缺租金分析碳管制政策的成本,选取了碳排放权交易和碳税这两种国际主流的碳管制政策,基于Nordhaus的对数函数和气候变化综合评估模型核算了MAC和SCC,开展了碳管制的分布式效应评估。研究结果表明:稀缺租金视角下的碳管制成本取决于一般均衡成本、因素禀赋和消费模式,碳管制的分布式效依赖于价格效应和福利效应。从成本效益角度分析,碳排放权交易和碳税均可以增加政府收益,祖父许可证制度更有利于实现效率和公平。此外,Nordhaus的对数函数和IAM模型具备自洽性、系统性和可行性,对碳管制的分布式效应评估提供了思路。

With the pursuit of economic growth and environmental protection in the carbon-constrained era,carbon emissions and carbon regulation issues have attracted attention from the governments and academic circles.The cost of carbon regulation policy is analyzed with the introduction of scarcity rent from the perspective of climate change economics.Two international mainstream carbon control policies,carbon emission trading and carbon tax are selected,and MAC and SCC are accounted based on Nordhaus’s logarithmic function and climate change comprehensive assessment model,which helps to assess the distribution effect of carbon regulation.The results show that the carbon regulation cost from the perspective of scarcity rent depends on the general equilibrium cost,factor endowment and consumption pattern.The distribution effect of carbon regulation depends on the price effect and welfare effect.From the cost-benefit perspective,carbon tax and carbon credit trading can increase government revenues and contribute to efficiency and equity than traditional grandfathering permits.In addition,Nordhaus’s logarithmic function and IAM model are self-consistent,systematic and feasible,providing an idea for the distribution effects evaluation of carbon regulation.