无偿献血穿刺疼痛影响因素分析

Influential factors of voluntary blood donation puncture pain

目的探讨献血穿刺的预期疼痛对实际穿刺疼痛的影响情况。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2019年7-8月北京某采血点的献血者350名,献血者在抽血化验前采用VAS评估其献血穿刺的疼痛程度,穿刺成功后采用VAS再次评估实际疼痛程度,比较预期疼痛评分与献血后感知穿刺疼痛得分,分析献血者穿刺疼痛的影响因素。结果350名献血者预期疼痛评分(3.16±2.06)分,献血后感知穿刺疼痛评分(2.99±1.89)分。不同性别、是否特意献血的献血者预期疼痛评估得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别、献血准备、献血史和年龄与预期疼痛的交互作用有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论献血之前,优质服务更能降低女性献血者的穿刺疼痛;献血宣传不用回避献血存在疼痛,应提高献血者对穿刺疼痛的接受程度,鼓励公众做好充分的准备再参加献血。

Objective To explore the effect of expected pain of blood donation puncture on actual puncture pain.Methods A total of 350 blood donors from a blood collection site in Beijing from July 2019 to August 2019 were selected by the convenient sampling method.Blood donors evaluated the pain degree of blood donation puncture before blood test by using VAS,and VAS was used to evaluate the actual pain degree again after successful puncture.The expected pain score was compared with the perceived puncture pain score after blood donation and the influencing factors of the donors'puncture pain were analyzed.Results The expected pain score of the 350 blood donors was(3.16±2.06),and the perceived puncture pain score after blood donation was(2.99±1.89).There were statistically significant differences in the expected pain assessment scores of blood donors of different genders and whether they donated blood intentionally(P<0.05).The interactions between gender,blood donation preparation,blood donation history,age and expected pain were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Before blood donation,quality service can reduce puncture pain of female blood donors.Blood donation publicity don't need to avoid the pain of blood donation,we should improve the acceptance of puncture pain among blood donors and encourage the public to be fully prepared to participate in blood donation.