午睡对阿尔茨海默病认知功能的作用及其相关机制

Effect of afternoon nap on cognitive function of patients with Alzheimer's disease and its related mechanisms

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer' s disease,AD),它以进行性认知障碍和行为障碍为特征,是一种中枢神经系统退化性疾病。临床表现包括记忆功能下降、失语、失用、视空间功能受损、执行力、计算力下降、人格和行为改变等。目前痴呆的发病率逐年上升,造成极大的社会负担,尚缺乏有效的治疗方法,因此很多学者试图通过对风险因素的识别和控制来预防和延缓认知损伤的发生。结合以往研究,从午睡对认知功能的作用及其相关机制两个方面展开探讨。首先,午睡可以改善认知功能,但取决于午睡的时间长短、午睡频率以及任务的难易程度。其次,午睡对认知的作用可能通过炎性反应、神经内分泌、Aβ以及基因多态性方面产生作用。此外,针对既往研究不足进一步从规范化评估方法、深化相关机制研究及生活方式干预等方面提出未来研究展望。

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by progressive cognitive and behavioral disorders.Clinical manifestations include memory impairment,aphasia,apraxia,impaired visual spatial function,executive power,decreased computing power,personality and behavior changes and so on.At present,the incidence of dementia is increasing year by year,causing a huge social burden,and there is still no effective treatment.Therefore,many scholars try to prevent and delay the occurrence of cognitive impairment through the identification and control of risk factors.Combining with previous studies,nap is helpful for the maintenance and consolidation of memory.This article discusses the effect of nap on cognitive function and its related mechanisms.First,nap can improve cognitive function,but it depends on the length,the frequency of the nap,and the difficulty of the task.Second,the effect of nap on cognition may be through inflammatory response,neuroendocrine,Aβand gene polymorphism.In addition,this paper also proposes future research prospects in terms of standardized research methods,deepening research on relevant mechanisms,and lifestyle interventions in view of the lack of previous research.