滴灌用过滤装置的研究现状及发展趋势

Research Status and Development Trend of Filters in Drip Irrigation System

由于滴灌灌水器流道较小,滴灌系统对水质要求颇高,因此过滤装置在滴灌中非常重要。国内外学者对其进行了大量的研究和研发工作。在此背景下,在简要阐述滴灌用砂石、网式、叠片式和离心式过滤器工作原理的基础上,对滴灌用过滤器的研究现状进行了系统归纳总结,对过滤器研究存在问题和发展趋势进行了讨论。认为目前针对过滤器水头损失和堵塞的变化规律及影响因素的试验研究较多;在建立过滤器水头损失理论计算方程和模型模拟过滤器内部水流流态等方面已引入流体计算模型;而砂石过滤器滤料和滤帽、网式过滤器自清洗装置、叠片式过滤器叠片以及一体式组合过滤器结构的改进等是过滤器研发的热点。研究认为将来过滤器的研究研发工作可重点针对过滤器模拟技术和适应我国国情的过滤器研制等方面展开。本研究可为滴灌用过滤器的研究提供一定的技术支撑。

Due to the small flow channel of emitter,drip irrigation system has a high requirement on water quality,so filter device is very important in drip irrigation.Domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research and development work on it.In this context,on the basis of briefly describing the working principles of sand media,screen,disc filters and hydro-cyclone sand separators for drip irrigation,this paper systematically summarizes the research status of filters for drip irrigation,and discusses the existing problems and development trends of filters.The paper holds that there are many experimental studies on the variation law and influencing factors of water head loss and blockage in filters.The fluid calculation model has been introduced in the aspects of establishing the theoretical calculation equation of the filter head loss and simulating the flow pattern inside the filter.And the filter material and filter cap of sand filter,the self-cleaning device of screen filters,the disc of disc filters,the structure improvement of integrated filter are the hot research and development of filters.It is suggested that the research and development of filters in the future can focus on the simulation technology of filters and the development of filters suitable for China's national conditions.This study can provide some technical support for the research of drip irrigation filter.