三段管式非圆形域喷头的结构设计及性能测试

Structural Design and Performance Test of Three-section Tubular Nozzle with Non-circular Spraying Area

针对市面上喷头普遍存在的漏喷、重叠和界外喷洒等问题,研制了一种三段管式非圆形喷洒域喷头,喷头由三段端面为圆且相邻轴线存在夹角的管体组成,管体之间通过轴承相连,构成3对转动副。第一段管体与安装基座相连,通过电机调节第一段管体控制喷头的旋转速率,通过另一台电机改变管体旋转中心线与喷头轴线的角度差实现喷头仰角大范围角度变化,从而精确控制喷头实现均匀、标准的非圆形域喷洒。在保证喷头低廉成本的同时,端部为圆的椭圆筒型设计方便在喷头入、出水口增添不同类型的调节器,综合其他成熟非圆形域喷灌调节措施,以满足不同环境下的喷灌需要。经试验各方面均优于传统喷头,为非圆形喷洒域喷头的设计应用提供了新的思路和方法。

Aiming at the problems of leakage spray,overlap and out-of-band spraying of sprinkler head in the market,a three-section tubular non-circular spray field sprinkler head was developed in this paper.The sprinkler head was composed of a tube body with three end faces being round and the adjacent axis had an angle.Each section of the pipe body was connected by bearings to form three pairs of rotating pairs.The first section of pipe body was connected with the mounting base,and the rotation rate was controlled by a motor.The pipe body controled the rotation speed of the sprinkler,and the angle difference between the rotation center line of the pipe body and the sprinkler axis was changed by another motor to realize a wide range of angle change of the sprinkler elevation angle,thereby accurately controlling the nozzle to achieve uniform,standard non-circular spray.While ensuring the low economic cost of the sprinkler,the elliptical cylinder design with rounded ends was convenient to add different types of regulators to the sprinkler inlet and outlet,and comprehensive mature non-circular irrigation control measures to meet the sprinkler irrigation under different environments.After testing,the device was superior to the traditional sprinkler in every terms,which provided a new idea and method for the design and application of non-circular spray field sprinkler head.