交流性语言和非交流性语言

Real-time interactive language and non-real-time interactive language

交流性语言和非交流性语言的区分应该是所有语言内部最上位的一种语用分野,它对包括句法结构和语用成分在内的语言形式具有重要的制约作用。我们可以根据语言表达中的交互语气和实时交际功能区分交流性语言与非交流性语言。"实时交互性"是交流性语言的最大特征。交流性语言的基本表述单位是交流句。句末语气词是交流句的显性形式标记,句类则是判断交流句的功能依据。我们还可以通过考察某些特定语言成分与语气词的共现情况,以及对特定句类的选择情况,确定这些语言成分"互动参与度"的高低。

The distinction between real-time interactive language and non-real-time interactive language is the uppermost pragmatic distinction of all languages. This distinction has remarkable influence on linguistic forms, including syntactic structure and pragmatic components. Real-time interactive language and non-real-time interactive language can be distinguished by interactive mood and real-time communicative function. Real-time interactive sentences being its basic communicative units, real-time interactive language is characterized by its real-time interactivity. Sentence final modal particles are explicit markers of realtime interactive sentences, while sentence types of different functions are functional markers of real-time interactive sentences. Furthermore, the degree of the interactivity of some specific language elements can be confirmed by the co-occurrence of these specific language elements and modal particles, as well as the choice of particular sentence types.