汉语对话中的句法合作共建现象初探

A preliminary study of syntactic collaborative construction in Mandarin conversations

本文讨论了汉语自然口语对话中句法的合作共建的现象。文章指出,在日常口语对话中,一个句法结构上完整的语句可以由不同说话人说出的相邻话轮共同构建。说话人产出的话语,能够对于尚未产出的话语形式产生投射,这种投射是句法合作共建的基础。通过对汉语对话中句法合作共建现象的初步观察,说明了合作共建单句、合作共建复句的话轮形式,并通过后续话轮验证描述了言者交际意图是如何在谈话进程中对合作共建产生影响的。

This paper discusses the phenomenon of syntactic collaborative construction in naturally occurring Chinese conversations.It argues that in daily conversation,a syntactically complete sentence can be co-constructed by different speakers in adjacent turns.The utterance produced by the speaker allows projection of the remaining part of a sentence-in-progress,which is the basis of syntactic cooperation.Through the preliminary observation and analysis of the syntactically collaboratively built sentences in Mandarin Chinese conversations,this paper outlines the forms of simple sentences and compound sentences in collaborative construction,and describes how a participant’s communicative intention affects collaborative construction in the conversation process through the next-turn proof procedure.