定中式比喻复合词比喻跨度的分级及影响因素研究

A study on the classification and influencing factors of metaphor span of metaphorical partial compound words

比喻跨度指比喻复合词从喻体到本体的联想距离,与比喻被理解的难易程度呈正比,与比喻复合词的词义透明度呈反比。定中式比喻复合词比喻跨度的大小主要受六个因素影响:本体的显隐、相似点、词素间的语义结构关系、本体喻体的相似程度、限定成分的提示程度、频率。六个因素对比喻跨度的影响力和适用范围各不相同,按照影响力的大小对所考察的定中式比喻复合词的比喻跨度进行分层级排序。

The metaphor span refers to the associative distance between the tenors and vehicles of metaphorical compound words, which is proportional to the difficulty of the metaphor being understood, and inversely proportional to the meaning transparency of the metaphorical compound words. The size of the metaphor span is mainly influenced by six factors: the explicitnessor hiddenness of tenors, the similarity point, the semantic structural relationship between the morphemes, the similarity degree between the tenors and vehicles, the indicative degree of the qualifying component, and the frequency. The influence and application scope of the six factors are different, and according to the influence, the hierarchical ordering of the metaphor span of all metaphorical partial compound words within the scope of corpus is achieved.