汉语零形回指消解研究综述

A Survey of Chinese Zero Anaphora Resolution

关于零形回指的研究一直是语言学研究中的一个热点,零形回指消解是自然语言处理中一项十分重要的任务。20多年来,学者们基于语言学规则、机器学习、深度学习等方面,提出了各种研究方法,并取得了大量研究成果。该文首先介绍零形回指的相关概念;接着介绍目前国际上汉语零形回指消解的公开评测资源OntoNotes 5.0数据集及评价指标;其次,系统梳理和对比了国内外汉语零形回指消解所采用的方法;最后,总结和分析了目前零形回指消解研究的主要制约因素,这些因素也正是未来可能的研究方向。

Zero anaphora resolution is a very important task in natural language processing. For more than two decades, scholars have proposed various methods based on linguistic rules, machine learning, and deep learning, reporting rich findings and empirical results. This paper first introduces the concepts of zero anaphora, following by the current international evaluation resources OntoNotes 5.0 dataset and the evaluation matrix. After that, we systematically examine and summarize the methods used in Chinese zero anaphora resolution at home and abroad. Finally, we disclose the main constraints of the current zero anaphora resolution research, as well as possible future research directions.