“消亡还是回归”:我国工业化进程中手工业职业教育的变迁路向分析

“Dying out or returning”:the analysis of the changing direction of handicraft vocational education in the process of industrialization in China

自洋务运动起,我国工业化经历了萌芽、起步到快速发展三个阶段,而手工业的命运却随着现代工业的兴起发生转向。与之对应,我国手工业职业教育也因此经历了主导、共存到消沉的地位变化。然而,随着工业4.0时代的到来和个人消费观念的变化,我国手工业职业教育有实现一定程度回归的生存空间。新时代我国手工业职业教育应转变教育观念,努力提升手工业职业教育人才培养质量;弘扬工匠精神,发挥中国传统手工技艺文化的现实价值;立足文化自信,全力打造非物质文化遗产传承的职教模式;融合现代技术,促进手工行业创新发展与手工技艺革新。

Since the Westernization Movement,the industrialization in China has experienced three stages from budding,beginning to rapid development,but the fate of handicraft industry has changed its direction with the rise of modern industry.At the same time,handicraft vocational education in our country has also experienced the changes of status from leading,coexisting to decline.However,with the arrival of the industry 4.0 era and the change of personal consumption concept,the handicraft vocational education in China has,to a certain extent,the living space to return.In the new era,it is necessary for China’s handicraft vocational education to change the educational concept,strive to improve the quality,carry forward the craftsman’s spirit and bring into play the practical value of Chinese traditional handicraft culture.On the basis of cultural self-confidence,China’s handicraft vocational education should make every effort to create the vocational education mode for the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage,and integrate modern technology into promoting the development of the handicraft industry and the innovation in craftsmanship.