基于贫困户微视角下精准扶贫绩效评价及分析--以陕西省宝鸡市麟游县为例

Evaluation and Analysis of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Performance from Microperspective of Poverty Stricken Families:A Case Study in Linyou County,Baoji City,Shaanxi Province

习近平总书记在党的十九大报告中把扶贫提高到新的战略高度,要求各单位以"实事求是、因地制宜、分类指导、精准扶贫"为指导思想,做好脱贫攻坚工作,确保2020年全面建成小康社会,使全国7000万贫困人口彻底摆脱贫困。本文从贫困户视角出发,从政策维度、农户维度、社会维度、精神维度4个方面确定了21个精准扶贫绩效评价指标,通过层次分析法构建了多维度精准扶贫绩效评价指标体系,并以陕西省宝鸡市麟游县为例进行实证分析。宝鸡市麟游县扶贫攻坚工作取得了一定成绩,但精神维度总体评价一般,因此在精准扶贫中,应加强对贫困户的精神引导,重视对贫困户的心理疏导和人文关怀,以"智能双扶"促进贫困户自我价值实现,达到全面脱贫的效果。

General Secretary Xi Jinping promoted poverty alleviation to a new strategic level when delivering the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,and requested all units to insist to the guiding ideology of"seeking the truth from the facts,implementing based on the local conditions,giving guidance in categorized manners and targeting poverty alleviation"to conduct poverty alleviation activities for building of a moderately well-off society in all respects by the year 2020 so as to help 70 million poor people in China completely get rid of poverty.From the perspective of poverty-stricken families,21 indicators of targeted poverty alleviation performance indexes were determined from the aspects of policy,farmers,society and spirit to establish a multi-dimensional targeted poverty alleviation performance evaluation index system by using analytic hierarchy process,and an empirical analysis of this index system was conducted with Linyou County,Baoji City,Shaanxi Province as an example.Despite of certain achievements achieved in poverty alleviation in Linyou County,Baoji City,the overall evaluation of the spiritual dimension was average.Therefore,in the targeted poverty alleviation activities,it was necessary to strengthen the spiritual guidance to the poverty-stricken families,focus on psychological counseling and humanistic care for them,help them to realize their own value through knowledge sharing and capability building,and obtain the effect of thorough poverty alleviation.