阅读障碍诊断的成分模型与差异模型的比较研究

A Comparative Study of the Component Model and the Discrepancy Model in the Diagnosis of Reading Disability

对上海市一所小学624名学生进行阅读障碍的成分模型诊断和差异模型诊断,并将两次诊断结果进行对比分析。研究发现:采用成分模型,阅读障碍者检出率为9.94%,其中,单词识别障碍、普通认知缺陷、阅读理解障碍三种亚类型的检出率分别为3.37%、0.64%和5.93%;差异模型的阅读障碍者检出率为9.94%;成分模型不存在检出率过高的现象;成分模型与差异模型诊断重合率为27.42%。

A total of 624 students from a primary school in Shanghai were tested by the component model and the discrepancy model, and the two diagnosis results were compared and analyzed. The results showed the detection rate of dyslexia in the component model was 9.94%. The detection rates of the word recognition disability type, the common cognitive defects types and the reading comprehension disability type were 3.37%, 0.64% and 5.93% respectively. The detection rate of dyslexia in the discrepancy model was 9.94%. There was no excessive detection rate in the component model. The coincidence rate of the component model and the discrepancy model was 27.42%.