中国食品安全治理的新思维:一个混合所有制视角

New Thinking of Food Safety Governance in China:A Perspective of Mixed Ownership

基于食品安全监管成本、食品安全与利润内在逻辑非一致性的考量,本文提出公有制进入食品行业形成混合所有制结构可能是治理食品安全问题的有效之策;在考虑食品安全这一目标后,重新审视公有制与效率问题,“重拾”国有企业的社会责任,而组建的混合所有制结构可以呈现出不同的形式。在对转型期肉制品企业基本事实特征分析的基础上,发现肉制品行业所有制结构还有很大优化空间。这一制度安排的难点在于,政府如何厘清公有资本与私有资本的产权界定,以及对产生的食品安全与效率两种目标均衡发展的动态监测。

Based on the consideration of the cost about food safety supervision and the inherent logic inconsistency about food safety and profit,this article puts forward that public ownership enters the food industry and forms a mixed ownership structure,which may be an effective way to control food safety problems.After considering the goal of food safety,the public ownership and efficiency are reexamined,the social responsibility of state owned enterprises is regained,and the structure of mixed ownership can take different forms.Based on the analysis of characteristics of the basic facts about the meat enterprises in transition period,it finds that there is a large space to optimize the ownership structure of meat industry.The difficulty of this system arrangement lies in how the government clarifies the definition of property right on the public and private capital,as well as the government monitors the balanced development of two objectives on food safety and efficiency dynamically.