规范符号学视角下的荀子名学内在逻辑

The Inherent Logic of Xunzi's Theory of Name from the Perspective of Normative Semiotics

逻辑与伦理常分属不同的领域,荀子名学的逻辑和伦理却融合为一体。这种一体性之所以可能在于其逻辑和伦理都具有规范性。基于皮尔斯的规范符号学的启发,本文探讨了荀子名学思想隐含的内在逻辑关联,以期更好地理解这种逻辑和伦理融合为一体的名学思想。荀子名学思想隐含着一个“本-分-合”的基础逻辑范畴链,这个基础范畴链具体展开为“名-辞-辨-说-故”的语言逻辑、“天-感-心-知-智”的认知逻辑和“人-仁-礼-义-道”的伦理逻辑,三个层次的逻辑关系在规范符号学视角下可以得到融贯的论证,也能合理地回应荀子名学关于制名之枢要、所缘以同异、所为有名的问题。

Logic and ethic often belong to different fields,but the logic and ethic in Xunzi's theory of name are integrated into one kind.Xunzi's theory of name is a general logical system as normative semiotics and thus both of his logic and ethic are normative.Based on the inspiration of Pierce's normative semiotics,the author explores the inherent logical connection of Xunzi's theory of name in order to better understand the integration of logic and ethic.Xunzi's theory of name implies a basic logic category chain of“ben(本)-fen(分)-he(合)”including three levels of logic:the language logic of“theme-proposition-argument-thesis-cause”,the cognitive logic of“nature-sensation-mind-knowing-wisdom”and the ethical logic of“human-benevolence-ritual-righteousness-Dao”.The three levels can be coherently demonstrated from the perspective of normative semiotics,and can reasonably respond to Xunzi's theory on the name-making methods,the reasons of name distinction,as well as the purposes of naming.