循环miRNA作为肺癌诊断和预后无创标志物的研究进展

Research progress of circulating miRNA as a noninvasive marker for diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer

肺癌是全世界范围内发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,严重影响人类健康。尽管用于肺癌诊断和靶向治疗的技术取得了进步,但由于缺乏精确有效的早期检测方法,目前肺癌的诊断和预后仍然不理想,生存率较低。肺癌由多种机制参与调控,其中microRNAs(miRNAs)参与转录后进行基因表达调控并伴随着肿瘤整个发生发展的过程,近期研究发现在血清和血浆的生物体液中检测到的循环miRNA表达异常与肺癌的早期诊断及预后密切相关。本文对循环miRNA进入循环系统的途径、稳定性及其作为肺癌患者早期诊断和预后的潜在生物标志物进行了综述和讨论。

Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumor with the highest incidence rate and mortality rate in the world,which seriously affects human health.Despite advances in technology for lung cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy,due to the lack of accurate and effective early detection methods,the current diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer is still not ideal,with a low survival rate.Lung cancer is regulated by a variety of mechanisms,among which microRNAs(miRNAs)participate in gene expression regulation after transcription and accompany the whole process of tumor development.Recent studies have found that abnormal expression of circulating miRNA detected in serum and plasma biological fluids is closely related to early diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.In this paper,the pathway,stability and potential biomarker of early diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer are reviewed and discussed.