黄巢北伐不攻庐州之谜发微——兼论唐末庐州地位的提升

An Analysis of the Mystery for Huang Chao’s Failing to Attack Luzhou in the Northern Expedition——On the Promotion of Luzhou’s Position at the End of the Tang Dynasty

黄巢起义,南征北战,攻城无数,但在北伐过程中唯独放弃攻打庐州。庐州居江淮之间,在黄巢兵临城下之际,刺史郑綮移牒请求黄巢过境不犯,黄巢竟笑而从之。究其原因并非黄巢不能攻打庐州,而是郑綮在庐州深陷起义军包围靠唐军解围无望的情况下,移书黄巢,请求保护庐州百姓利益,避免兵燹之祸。因黄巢同情劳苦大众、尊儒爱才,对此文牒引发共鸣,且不攻庐州也符合黄巢北伐的战略需要。这一事件也折射出庐州由唐代前期的交通驿道发展为唐末的经济军事重镇,成为淮南地区藩镇割据形成的一个缩影。

In the process of the peasant uprising,led by Huang Chao,battles were fought throughout the country,as a result,numerous cities were occupied,but only Luzhou was gave up during the Northern Expedition.Located in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River,Luzhou was very important in terms of its geographical position.As Huang Chao’s soldiers approached to Luzhou,Zheng Qi,the Prefectural Governor,wrote to Huang Chao,asking him not to attack Luzhou.Surprisingly,Huang Chao laughed and complied with the request.The real reason was that it was not that Huang Chao could not attack Luzhou but that Zheng Qi requested to protect Luzhou people from the war when Luzhou was surrounded by the rebel troops and could not be liberated by the Tang army.Huang Chao agreed with Zheng Qi because he sympathized with the laboring masses and respected the talented and the intellectuals.What’s more important,giving up attacking Luzhou also accorded with the strategic need of the Northern Expedition.This event also reflected that Luzhou had turned from a transportation post in the Early Tang Dynasty into an important economic and military town in the late Tang Dynasty.Luzhou was a miniature of a separate regional regime in the Huainan Region.