生命历程视角下城市居民时空间行为特征研究——以山西省晋中市榆次区为例

Study on Characteristics of Urban Residents’Spatial and Temporal Behavior from the Perspective of Life Process:A Case Study of Yuci District,Jinzhong City,Shanxi Province

以山西省晋中市榆次区66个社区726份居民日常行为调查数据为基础,从生命历程视角,研究了中小城市居民日常活动的时空间行为特征。结果表明:不同年龄段居民在时间利用和活动空间上表现出较大差异。在时间利用上,工作日随居民年龄的增加,工作/学习“双峰”特征逐渐消失,休闲活动比例呈上升趋势,购物活动由分散转向集中并有向上午延伸的趋势;休息日主要以休闲、购物活动为主。在活动空间上,居民对不同空间的依赖性存在显著差异,但街道、社区仍然是居民日常活动的主要场所。相比于大城市,中小城市居民在时间节奏和时间分配上有明显差异性,但在空间范围变化上表现出一致性。推进街道、社区两级社区生活圈建设,特别是公共空间和公共服务设施配置,对促进居民行为需求与城市公共资源供给的有效对接具有重要意义。

Based on the survey data of 726 residents’daily behaviors in 66 communities in Yuci District,Jinzhong City,Shanxi Province,the characteristics of spatiotemporal behaviors of daily activities of small and medium-sized cities were studied from the perspective of life history.The results show that residents of different ages show great differences in time use and activity space.In terms of time utilization,as the age of residents increases on working days,the“double peak”feature of work/learning gradually disappears,the proportion of leisure activities shows an upward trend,and shopping activities shift from decentralized to concentrated and tend to extend to the morning;rest days are mainly leisure,shopping activities.In terms of activity space,residents’dependence on different spaces is significantly different,but streets and communities are still the main places for residents’daily activities.Compared with large cities,residents in small and medium-sized cities have obvious differences in time rhythm and time distribution,but they show consistency in changes in spatial scope.Promoting the construction of community living circles at the street and community levels,especially the allocation of public spaces and public service facilities,is of great significance for promoting the effective connection of residents’behavior needs with the supply of urban public resources.