乡镇尺度贫困地图绘制及空间贫困陷阱检验——以皖西地区为例

Poverty Mapping and Spatial Poverty Trap Test at Township Scale:Taking West Anhui as An Example

基于个体福利和区域综合发展指标,采用ArcGIS、GeoDa等分析工具,以乡镇为研究尺度绘制皖西地区贫困地图,分析贫困的空间演化并检验空间贫困陷阱的存在。结果显示:皖西地区存在贫困的空间集聚现象和一定的空间贫困陷阱。基于个体福利水平的空间贫困区相对分散,空间集聚程度有增强的趋势,但局部空间依赖性呈减弱趋势;基于区域发展综合水平的空间贫困区相对集中,整体空间集聚程度较低且逐渐减弱,局部空间依赖性呈增强趋势。这表明空间贫困和贫困陷阱的发生与发展不单受自然因素的制约,社会经济因素也可能造成空间贫困,整体发展较好地区的区域贫困问题值得关注。

Based on the indicators of individual welfare and regional comprehensive development,using ArcGIS,GeoDa and other analytical tools,this paper drew the poverty map of Western Anhui at the town scales,analyzed the spatial evolution characteristics of poverty,and tested the existence of special poverty trap.The results show that there is a spatial agglomeration of poverty and a certain spatial poverty trap in West Anhui.In the research period,the spatial poverty area based on individual welfare level is relatively scattered,and the degree of spatial agglomeration is increasing,but the local spatial dependence is weakening,while the spatial poverty area based on the comprehensive level of regional development is relatively concentrated,the overall spatial agglomeration degree is low and gradually weakened,and the local spatial dependence is increasing.This shows that the occurrence and development of space poverty and poverty trap are not only caused by natural factors,but also by social and economic factors,and the regional poverty problem in areas with high levels of development deserves close attention.