我国国家公园设立标准研究

Study on Standards for Establishing National Parks in China

在梳理和借鉴国际上主要国家国家公园设立条件和遴选指标的基础上,从我国国情出发,根据建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的新要求,结合国家公园体制试点实践,提出了我国遴选国家公园的原则、设立条件和认定指标体系。从国家代表性、生态重要性和管理可行性3个方面确定了我国国家公园设立的10项评估指标,讨论了国家性、公益性、生态性、完整性、原真性等概念的内涵,分析了国家公园以全民所有自然资源资产为主体的可行性,确保我国国家公园生态保护第一、国家代表性和全民公益性的三大理念在实践中得以实现,以期为建立具有中国特色的国家公园体制奠定基础。

On the basis of combing and referring to the establishment conditions and selection indexes of major national parks in the world,according to the new requirements of establishing a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body and starting from China′s national conditions,this paper not only combines pilot practice of national park system but also puts forward the principles,establishment conditions and identification index system for selecting national parks in China.From the three aspects of national representativeness,ecological importance and management feasibility,10 evaluation indexes for the establishing China′s national parks are determined.This paper also discusses the connotation of the concepts of national significance,public benefits,ecological character,integrity and authenticity.Analyzing the feasibility of taking all natural resources assets as main body of national parks,to ensure the three China national park concepts—ecological protection priority,national representative and public welfare could be realized during the practice and build the foundation for the establishment of national park system with Chinese characteristics.